Mice are easily the most complex species, color-wise, that I have covered on here. I will try to keep things brief, but descriptive. I've also tried to include any health problems that are associated with certain colors.
The A Locus
Ay | Lethal Yellow
Mouse will be a rich yellow or orange color. Lethal when homozygous. Chance of sterility in the heterozygous state, particularly for females. Likely to become obese.
Avy | Viable Yellow
Homozygous will be a rich yellow or orange color. Heterozygous has more of a sooty or mottled appearance to the yellow. Likely to become obese.
Aiy | Intermediate Yellow
Sooty yellow color with a slightly lighter belly, and darker ears than Ay or Avy. Likely to become obese.
Asy | Sienna Yellow
Coat is yellow with black-tipped guard hairs, creating a very dark, sooty yellow color.
Aw | White-belly Agouti
Typical, normal wild-mouse agouti brown with a white, cream, or tan belly.
A | Wild-type Agouti
Same as Aw, but with a darker belly.
Ai | Intermediate Agouti
Dark back, agouti sides, pale belly. Often indistinguishable from Aw
Atd | Tanoid
Similar to a black-and-tan mouse, but with agouti hairs interspersed throughout the black.
au | Agouti Umbrous
Overall a very dark agouti color. auat mice have a dark agouti back and a tan belly.
at | Black-and-tan
Black fur with yellow or cream belly
ada | Non-agouti with Dark Agouti Belly
Solid black mouse with a dark agouti belly.
al | Non-agouti Lethal
Same as Non-agouti, but lethal when homozygous.
a | Non-agouti
Solid black with a few yellow hairs behind the ears and on the belly.
ae | Extreme Non-agouti
Solid black with no yellow hairs at all.
am | Mottled Agouti
Patches of agouti and mottled agouti throughout the coat.
The E Locus
Eso | Sombre
Black mouse with a few yellow hairs, dark ears, and dark grey belly.
E | Wild-type
Etob | Tobacco Darkening
Darker non-agouti stripe down the back.
e | Recessive Yellow
Very similar to Ay in appearance, only more yellow less orange.
The U Locus
U | Umbrous
Darkens the mouse's back, giving a sable appearance.
u | Wild-type
The Mg Locus
Mg | Wild-type
mg | Mahogany
Darkens the coat overall, turning even non-agouti into extreme non-agouti. Ears and tail will be much darker than wild-type.
The Md Locus
Md | Wild type
md | Mahoganoid
Darkens the coat overall, turning even non-agouti into extreme non-agouti. Ears and tail will be much darker than wild-type.
The Nc Locus
Nc | Wild-type
nc | Non-agouti curly
Solid, jet-black coat with no yellow hairs at all. Coat is denser and plushier, and whiskers are curly.
The B Locus
Blt | Light
When homozygous, the mouse is almost white except for having brown tipped hairs, heterozygotes have darker hair tips with color that protrudes further down the hair shaft. When combined with pink-eyed dilute, the mouse is a pale metallic grey.
Bw | White-based Brown
Very similar to Blit.
B | Wild-type
bc | Cordovan
Instead of having the light brown base of bb, or the black base of the Wild-type, the mouse has got a very dark, rich brown base to it's fur.
b | "Cinnamon"
The equivalent of chocolate in dogs.
The C Locus
C | Wild-type
cm | Chinchilla Mottled.
Normal cchcch with patches of cchch fur and a white belly.
cch | Chinchilla
Drastically reduces red pigments, slightly reduces black pigments, browns are entirely unaffected. An otherwise wild-type mouse will become a light sepia color. Turns black nonagouti to a dull slate color, and Ay to a faint cream or ivory color.
ch | Himalayan
Will be indistinguishable from an albino at birth. By the time they reach adulthood, they have a very pale creamy base coat with darker points on the nose, ears, and tail (but not the feet). The eyes are pink at birth, but become ruby-colored by the time they are weaned.
chc -- The points don't become nearly as dark as a homozygous himalayan
chce -- Dark-eyed from birth, and the adult coat is a shade darker, but otherwise the same.
cchch -- Mouse will be a light golden brown, with slight darkening of the nose and tail.
ce | Extreme Dilution
Drastically reduces the production of red pigment. The mouse will be very very light yellowish brown with dark ears. Eyes will be lighter at birth, but darken to black as the mouse ages. When combined with Ay, the result is a black-eyed white mouse.
cp | Platinum
A yellowish shade darker than albino, with a nice luster or sheen to it. When combined with Ay, the result is a mouse that is indistinguishable in appearance from an albino, but is NOT an albino.
c | Albino
Solid white mouse with pink skin and eyes. Severe vision problems.
The D Locus
D | Wild-type
ds | Slight Dilution
Color is intermediate between D and d. At around 4 months of age, the mouse will begin to sway, lean, and lose it's balance. The feet seem unable to support the body properly and slide out sideways.
d | Dilution
Dilutes all pigment.
dl | Lethal Dilution
Looks identical to d, but causes convulsion and arching upward of the head and tail. Will die at weaning.
The P Locus
P | Wild-type
px | Pink Extra-Dark
Dark eyes, and only slightly lighter coat than wild-type.
pd | Dark Pink Eye
An intermediate between PP and pp.
pdn | Pink Darkening
Slightly darker coat than pp, and pink eyes at birth that turn dark by weaning. Light ears.
ps | Pink-Eyed Sterile
Coat appears just like pink-eyed dilution. Mouse will have a low birth weight and be a very small adult. The mouse will be very uncoordinated and have great difficulty walking. Males are completely sterile, and the same is true for most (but not all) females.
pbs | Black-Eyed Sterile
Coat appears just like pink-eyed dilution, but with dark eyes. Males are completely sterile.
pcp | Cleft-palate
Indistinguishable from pink-eyed dilution, but has cleft palate and will die soon after birth.
pm1 | Pink-Eyed Mottled 1
Coat will be patched with wild-type areas and pink-eyed dilute areas.
pm2 | Pink-Eyed Mottled 2
Coat will be patched with wild-type areas and pink-eyed dilute areas.
p | Pink-Eyed Dilution
Drastically reduces black and brown pigment, but does not affect reds. Turns the eyes a lovely clear pink color. Agouti animals look just like 'yellows' but with pink eyes, while non-agouti black plus pink dilution results in a pretty blue lilac color. aabbpp mice are a nice champagne color.
The Ru Locus
Ru | Wild-type
ru | Ruby-eye
Turns black mice to a dull, dark sepia. No obvious pigment change in brown agouti mice. Eyes are a dark ruby color. Not as intense as Pink-Eyed Dilution, but when both occur on the same mouse, the result more closely resembles Pink-Eyed Dilution.
The Ru2 Locus
Ru2 | Wild-type
ru2mr | Maroon
Agouti maroon looks like a wild-type mouse, but with a solid belly and silver underfur. Eyes are pink at birth, and darken to a rich maroon by adulthood. Nonagouti maroon looks very much like nonagouti buff, but with lighter ears, a solid belly, and translucent eyes.
ru2 | Ruby-eye
Turns black mice to a dull, dark sepia. No obvious pigment change in brown agouti mice. Eyes are a dark ruby color. Not as intense as Pink-Eyed Dilution, but when both occur on the same mouse, the result more closely resembles Pink-Eyed Dilution.
The Gl Locus
Gl | Wild-type
gl | Grey Lethal
Removes yellow pigment, turning mice from brown to grey (and turning Yellow mice more of a khaki color). Extreme abnormalities of the skeleton and teeth. The bones grow erratically and are much too dense, and become malformed, while the teeth fail to erupt entirely. The mouse will die as soon as it is weaned, if it even lasts that long.
The Gr Locus
Gr | Wild-type
gr | Grizzled
Looks very much like a cchcch mouse, only the dilution is more pronounced and there is no effect on black pigment. They will be undersized, and there is a chance (1 in 6) of them having kinky tails
The Mh Locus
Mh | Wild-type
mh | Mocha
Appears to be a little bit lighter than Ruby-eyed mice in color. Eyes will be a deep red. Will have a very poor sense of balance, and the head will be constantly tilted to the side, and the mouse will be more active and nervous than most others, and when startled will jump away violently as a reflex. If they are dropped from a height, they cannot catch themselves normally. Deaf.
The Pa Locus
Pa | Wild-type
pa | Pallid
Similar to a Pink-Eyed Dilute, but with a slightly lighter coat color. Combines with pink-eyed dilution to create an even lighter mouse than those two genes separately. Yellow pallids are a light lemon color. Eyes will be a deep red. Will have a very poor sense of balance, and the head will be constantly tilted to the side, and the mouse will be more active and nervous than most others, and when startled will jump away violently as a reflex. If they are dropped from a height, they cannot catch themselves normally.
The Mu Locus
Mu | Wild-type
mu | Muted
Black becomes dark-grey, yellow and brown become a somewhat lighter shade, and most have white underfur. The eyes are dark red. Will have a very poor sense of balance, and the head will be constantly tilted to the side, and the mouse will be more active and nervous than most others, and when startled will jump away violently as a reflex. If they are dropped from a height, they cannot catch themselves normally.
The M Locus
M | Wild-type
m | Misty
Slightly lighter in color, with a white tail tip, white underfur, and white spot on the belly. Eyes will be dark.
The Pe Locus
Pe | Wild-type
pe | Pearl
On agouti mice, the hair is diluted with the undercoat being more diluted than the tips. The nose, ears, feet, and tail are considerably lighter than normal. Nonagouti pearl coats look just like Nonagouti Ruby-Eye, but with a lighter base coat. Dilutes Yellow mice to a cream color. Eyes will be dark.
The Bg Locus
Bg | Wild-type
bg | Beige
In agouti mice, the coat is slightly lighter than a wild-type mouse, with black eyes. Non-agouti mice have a silvery blue color with black eyes. Beige Ruby Eye mice have an off-white coat and pink eyes. Beige and pink-eyed dilute mice are only slightly lighter than pink-eyed alone. Mouse will be more susceptible to infections and will get sick very frequently.
The Si Locus
Si | Wild-type
si | Silver
The guard hairs of non-agouti animals will be white-tipped. Agoutis are much the same, but with white underfur as well.
The Ga Locus
Ga | Progressive Greying
The tips of the mouse's guard hairs turn white around 6 months of age.
ga | Wild-type
The Bf Locus
Bf | Wild-type
bf | Buff
Nonagouti buff mice are khaki colored
The Dfp Locus
Dfp | Dark Footpads
Homozygous lethal. Turns the footpads black.
dfp | Wild-type
The Fkl Locus
Fkl | Freckled
Heterozygotes have small white or pale colored patches in the coat. Homozygotes are a whitish or cream color.
fkl | Wild-type
The Mo Locus
This is an X-linked trait
Mo | Mottled
Regions of off-white hair will be scattered in an apparently patternless fashion all over the body. Whiskers will be curled. Mouse will be plagued by tremors and lack of coordination. Hemizygous lethal in males.
mo | Wild-type
The S Locus
S | Wild-type
s | Piebald
Mouse will have random white patches
sl | Piebald Lethal
Heterozygotes are piebald, and homozygotes are white with black eyes. Both die of megacolon upon weaning.
The Ls Locus
Ls | Wild-type
ls | Lethal Spotting
Mouse will have random white patches, and die of megacolon upon weaning.
The Bt Locus
Bt | Wild-type
bt | Belted
Mouse will have a wide band of white around it's middle.
The W Locus
W | White Spotting
Well-defined white belly with sharp edges, and a variable amount of white in the coat on the rest of the body, giving a roan appearance. Homozygous lethal.
Wa | Ames Dominant Spotting
Homozygotes die soon after birth, as do WWa. Heterozygotes+ resemble W, but with a prominent head blaze and blacks are diluted to grey in the coat.
Wv | Viable Spotting
When heterozygous, this gene dilutes the overall coat color and causes roaning of the coat similar to W.
WWv -- Produces a white spot on the trunk, and a white spot on the head. The rest of the coat is diluted. Sterile.
WvWv -- Produces black-eyed whites. Sterile. Mouse will be anemic and weak.
Wf | W Fertile
When mixed with another dominant spotting trait on the W locus, the result is a black-eyed white with grey patches behind the ears, and will be viable and fertile. In the heterozygous+ state, this causes sharp white markings on the forehead, belly, and tail tip.
w | Wild-type
The F Locus
F | Wild-type
f | Flex-tailed
Mouse will have one white spot on it's lower back. Overall, the mouse's color will be lighter. The tail will have several rigid kinks in it, making a zig-zag pattern (like Brain's tail in Pinky and the Brain).
The Go Gene
Go | Wild-type (short hair)
go | Long hair
The Sa Gene
Sa | Wild-type
sa | Satin
Mouse's coat has a satiny sheen to it.
The Re Gene
Re | Rex coat
Coat will be curly, with wavy whiskers.
re | Wild-type
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